An Overview of the Effect of Tooth Bleaching Agents on Ceramic Restorations

Abstract

Tooth bleaching is a widely used aesthetic dental procedure that commonly involves hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide. Despite its effectiveness in improving tooth color, concerns remain regarding its effects on ceramic restorations. This review evaluates the influence of bleaching agents on the microhardness, surface roughness, and optical properties of ceramic materials. The literature indicates that bleaching agents may increase surface roughness and slightly affect optical properties, while their effect on microhardness remains controversial and depends largely on the ceramic type. Glass-based ceramics appear more susceptible to alterations compared to zirconia-based materials. Overall, bleaching agents may produce clinically relevant changes in ceramic restorations, highlighting the importance of careful treatment planning and patient awareness during aesthetic procedures.