Correlation of Progesterone Receptor in Breast Cancer and Its Incidence at the Oncology Center of Imam Hussein Hospital, Karbala

Abstract

The most frequent cancer in women, accounting for around 25% of all cancers, is breast cancer, which is regarded as universal worldwide. With an age-adjusted incidence rate of 25.8 per 100,000 women and a fatality rate of 12.7 per 100,000 women, it is also the most common cancer among females. The receptor protein present in healthy breast cells is called a hormone receptor. Progesterone aids in the development and operation of breast cells by binding to hormone receptors. If a malignancy possesses a progesterone receptor, it is referred to as progesterone receptor (PR) positive (PR+). The study results show the relationship of receptor (PR) expression with age group. This study showed that the highest expression of PR was in the second group, with 36.67% compared to the other groups. There was also a high incidence of progesterone receptor (PR) expression in the post-menopausal patients with breast cancer (65.65%) compared to pre-menopausal patients with breast cancer (34.35%). Furthermore, a high incidence of progesterone receptor (PR) expression in the obesity patients with breast cancer (45.45%) compared to overweight and normal weight (39.39% and 15.15%) patients, respectively, with breast cancer. Statistical analysis revealed that a higher incidence of non-expression (negative) count in the second and fourth age groups were about 11 (30.56 %) patients in each group compared to the other groups, while negative expression 1  was the highest incidence in the second group about 7 (36.84 %) compared to the other groups, also negative expression 2 was the highest incidence in the second and third groups about 9 (33.33 %) in each group compared to the other groups, while positive expression was the highest rate in the second group about 17 (44.74 %) patients compared to the other groups.